Liver type I regulatory T cells suppress germinal center formation in HBV-tolerant mice.

Mast cell-derived IL-10 suppresses germinal center formation by affecting T follicular helper cell function.

The most prevalent cancer diagnosed in the world is sunlight-induced skin cancer. In addition to being a complete carcinogen, UV radiation, the causative agent of skin cancer, induces immune suppression. Because UV-induced immune suppression is a well-recognized risk factor for skin cancer induction, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms underlying UV-induced immune suppression. Mast cells...

IL-12-based vaccination therapy reverses liver-induced systemic tolerance in a mouse model of hepatitis B virus carrier.

Liver-induced systemic immune tolerance that occurs during chronic hepadnavirus infection is the biggest obstacle for effective viral clearance. Immunotherapeutic reversal of this tolerance is a promising strategy in the clinic but remains to be explored. In this study, using a hepatitis B virus (HBV)-carrier mouse model, we report that IL-12-based vaccination therapy can efficiently reverse sy...

Gr1 Cells Suppress T-Dependent Antibody Responses in (NZB 3 NZW)F1 Male Mice through Inhibition of T Follicular Helper Cells and Germinal Center Formation

Gr1+ cells suppress T-dependent antibody responses in (NZB x NZW)F1 male mice through inhibition of T follicular helper cells and germinal center formation.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease characterized by elevated production of autoreactive Abs. The disease has a much higher prevalence in women than in men. Although testosterone has been shown to be protective in the disease, and estrogens exacerbating, the discrepancy in prevalence between men and women is still not well understood and the mechanism behind it is unknown. We ...

PPARγ Negatively Regulates T Cell Activation to Prevent Follicular Helper T Cells and Germinal Center Formation

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a transcription factor that regulates lipid and glucose metabolism. Although studies of PPARγ ligands have demonstrated its regulatory functions in inflammation and adaptive immunity, its intrinsic role in T cells and autoimmunity has yet to be fully elucidated. Here we used CD4-PPARγKO mice to investigate PPARγ-deficient T cells, whic...